Music composers, directors, and arrangers create and arrange music for films, television shows, and concerts.
The characters in all the "Star Wars" movies are all quite memorable. They are known for one or two defining characteristics. Perhaps one of the best known characters is Darth Vader. While other characters might be known for how they look or things they say, Vader is probably the only "Star Wars" character who inspires people to hum the tune of the "Imperial March." This is the musical score composed by John Williams. The piece uses brass instruments and the minor key and usually signals Darth Vader's arrival in a scene.
Music composers, directors, and arrangers compose and arrange many styles of music. They may specialize in classical, jazz, or popular music. They write, arrange, or direct music for symphonies, jazz ensembles, and singers. They create music for advertising on radio and television. Composers, directors, and arrangers use melody, harmony, tone, and tempo to create unique pieces.
Composers create original scores of music. Some composers are hired to write a piece of music for a film or television show. They may also be hired to write a piece for a specific group of musicians. Composers begin by discussing the piece with the people who commissioned it. They must know the purpose of the piece and any feelings it should convey. This helps composers choose the tempo, instruments, rhythm, and other elements. Once they have this information, composers can begin developing the melody and harmony. For most projects, composers share the work in progress with the people who hired them. Some composers write music from their own inspiration. They must find musicians to play their music to become well-known as a composer.
Music arrangers take existing music and adapt it for various instruments, groups, and styles. For example, a music arranger could change a piece of music originally composed for a symphony orchestra. They may turn it into a piece that can be played by a band that does not have stringed instruments. The arranger decides which notes are to be played by each instrument. Music arrangers also transpose music from one voice to another to meet the needs of the performer. A vocal arrangement can be changed to a different key by a music arranger so the vocalist is able to reach all the notes.
Composers and music arrangers record notes on scored or lined music paper. Sometimes they copy parts from a score for an individual performer or a group of instruments. Some composers and arrangers use computer software to produce scored music.
Music directors use their hands and bodies to gesture to musicians. Their gestures help shape the music being played. They signal to musicians to play louder, softer, faster, slower, or to change the pitch. They make sure musicians and singers are grouped together in certain ways to make sure there is a musical balance.
Music directors audition and select singers or musicians for vocal or instrumental groups. They select music that fits well with the group's talents and abilities. They sometimes adapt musical scores to fit the group's particular style.
Music directors for major orchestras or choirs may oversee a large staff. They assign and review the work of staff in areas such as arranging music or vocal coaching. Some music directors hire composers to write original scores for their group. Most important, music directors direct their group at rehearsals and performances. As they direct, they try to balance tone, harmony, and tempo.
There are several types of music directors. Conductors lead instrumental groups such as orchestras or dance bands. Choral directors lead choirs and glee clubs. They sometimes work with a band or orchestra conductor. These musicians usually perform for live audiences. However, they may also prepare music in recording studios. Some perform for TV, radio, or movie productions.
Many composers, directors, and arrangers have other jobs to help them make a living. Some work as musicians or conductors. Others work as teachers and professors of music.